A DICTIONARY
OF THE TARGUMIM, THE TALMUD BABLI
AND YERUSHALMI, AND THE MIDRASHIC
LITERATURE
COMPILED BY
MARCUS JASTROW, PH D. LITT. D.
VOLUME I
ל ת
מוֹרִיגַן morigan, a word in an incantation. Sabb. 67a Ms. M. (ed. [מריגז]).
מוֹרִיפַת morifath, a word in an incantation. Sabb. 67a Ms. M. (missing in ed.).
[עָלַם] I (v. to surround, tie up. 2) to be strong.
Pi. [עִילֵּם] to tie up. Yalk. Prov. 946 quot.
fr. Y'lamd. (ref. to [וְחוֹשֵׂךְ], Prov. X, 19) [לָא אָמַרְתִּי שֶׁתְּעָלֵם
פִּיךָ וְכֻ] I
did not say that thou must tie up thy mouth and sit in silence, but restrain
thy lips from &c.; Yalk. Num. 738 [שֶׁתְּאַלֵּים]. Num. R. s. 14 (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 22)
[שֶׁעִילֵּם עֵינוֹ מֵאֵשֶׁת
וְכֻ] he closed his eye not to
look at the wife &c. (v. [עָלַם] II,
Hif.).
עֲלֵם], [עֲלֵים] ch.
same, to be strong. Targ. Ps. XXXVIII, 20. Targ. Josh. I,
6; a. e. — Denom. [עִילָּם],
fr. which imperat. [עִילַּם], [עִילַּמוּ]. Targ. O. Deut. XXXI, 6;7; 23 ed. Berl. (Regia [עַלֵּים], [עַלִּימוּ], v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 59). Targ. I Chr.
XXII, 12 (13); a. e., v. [אֲלַם].
Pa. [עַלֵּים] 1) same (denom. of
[עַלִּים]), v. supra. —supra. — 2) to strengthen. Targ. Ps.
XXVII, 14. Targ. Y. Ex. XIV, 27 (h. text [וַיְנַעֵר], v. Mekh. B'shall., s. 6).
Ithpa. [אִתְעֵלֵּים], Ithpe. [אִתְעֲלֵים] 1) to be strengthen. Targ. Ps.
XXXI, 25. — 2) to be tied,
to join, conspire. Targ. II Chr. XIII, 7 (h. text [וַיִּתְאַמְּצוּ]).
עָלַם II (b. h.; v.
preced.) [to surround, tie up,] to conceal. —Yalk. Cant. 981, v.
infra. —Part. pass. [עָלוּם]; f.
[עֲלוּמָה];
pl. [עֲלוּמִים], [עֲלוּמִין]; [עֲלוּמוֹת]. Ab. Zar. 35b (play on [עֲלָמוֹת], Cant, I, 3)
[קְרִי בֵּיהּ עֲלוּמוֹת]
read it 'ălumoth (secret things).
Pi. [עִילֵּם]
same. Part. pass. [מְעוּלָּם]; f.
[מְעוּלֶּמֶת];
pl. [מְעוּלָּמִים], [מְעוּלָּמִין]; [מְעוּלָּמוֹת]. Midr. Till. to Ps. XLVI,1 (play on [עֲלָמוֹת],
ib.) [מְעוּלָּמִין הֵן הַדְּבָרִים] the
things we saw are hidden, we know not what we saw.
Nef. [נֶעְלָם],
Hithpa. [הִתְעַלֵּם],
Nithpa. [נִתְעַלֵּם] to
be concealed, to escape; to hide one's self. Num. R. s. 20 [אֵין כָּל דָּבָר מִמְּךָ]
nothing is unknown to thee. Y. Pes. VI, beg. 33a
[נֶעֶלְמָה הֲלָכָה מִמֶּנּוֹ] the
law escaped his memory; Bab. ib. 66a [נִתְעַלְּמָה]. Y. Yoma III, 40d bot. [לָא...מִתְעַלֵּם מֵהֶן]
they did not move from there before it (the pronunciation of the
Tetragrammaton) escaped their memory again. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44b top [עַד שֶׁיִתְעַלֵּם מֵעֵינֵיהֶם]
until he is left out of their sight. Y. Ber. IV, 8a [וְאַל תִּתְעַלֵּם מִתְּחִינָּתֵנוּ] do not hide thyself (turn away) from our prayer; a. fr.
Hif. [הֶעֱלִים] 1) to
conceal. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to [הָעַלְמָה] Ex. II, 8)
[שֶׁהֶעֱלִימָה וְכֻ] she
kept her own secret. Cant. R. to I, 3 (play on [עֲלָמוֹת],
ib.) [עַל שֶׁהֶעֱלַמְתָּ מֵהֶם יוֹם וְכֻ]
because thou hast concealed from them the day of death and the day of consolation,
they love the; [עַל שֶׁהֶעֱלַמְתָּ מֵהֶם מַתַּן וְכֻ] because thou hast concealed from them the reward of the
righteous &c.; Yalk. ib. 981 [שֶׁעָלַמְתָּ] (Kal); Midr. Till. to Ps. IX;
a. fr. — 2) (v. [עָלַם] I)
[הֶעֱלִם עֵינָיו] to
close the eyes, to lose sight of. Y. Ab. Zar. IV. 8, 44a bot. Sot. 10b [וְאַל תַּעֲלִים עֵינֶיךָ מִמֶּנִּי] do not avert thy eyes from me. Tosef. Peah IV, 20; B. Bath. 10a,
a. e. [הַמַּעֲלִים...מִן הַצְּדָקָה] who
closes his eyes to charity; a. fr.
Hof. [הוּעֲלָם] to
be concealed. Koh. R. to III, 11 (play on [הָעֹלָם]
ib.) [הָעֳלַם מֵהֶם שֵׁם] the
pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton was concealed from them.
עֶלֶם I m. (preced.) 1) secret. Y. Yoma III,
40d bot.; Pes. 50a, (ref. to [לְעֹלָם],Ex. II, 15) [לְעַלֵּם כְּתִיב] it is so written that you may read l'elem (this is my name for secrecy).— Pl. [עֲלָמוֹת] Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, 1 (play
on [עֲלָמוֹת], ib.) [הַעֲלָמוֹת שֶׁהַבֵּן עוֹשֵׂה] on the secret sins which the child (of God) commits and which
the Day of Atonement comes to atone for &c. —2) forgetfulness, v. [הֵעָלֵם].
עֶלֶם II m. (b. h.; [עָלַם]) [vigorous,] lad. lad. Yeb. 76b (ref. to I Sam. XVII,
55, sq.) [הָתָם קָרֵי לֵיהּ נַעַר הָכָא קָרֵי לֵיהּ עֶלֶם וְכֻ] there he calls him young man, and here, lad! He thus said to
him, [נֶעֶלְמָה הֲלָכָה
מִמֶּנּוּ] thou hast forgotten the law (v. preced.).
Snh.
95a (in Chald. dict.) [עֶלֶם אַיְּיתִי לִי], v. [פִּלְכָא]. —Fem. [עַלְמָה]. Ex. R. s. 1, v. [עָלַם] II.
— Pl. [עֲלָמוֹת]. Cant. R. to I, 3 [חָלִים לְפָנָיו כַּעֲלָמוֹת] they dance before him like maidens; Koh. R. to I,11.
Y.
Meg. II, 73b (in Chald. dict.) [כְּאִילֵין עוּלֵימְתָא], v.
[עֲלִימוּת]; a. e.
עָלַם III, [עֲלַם], [עַלְ' ,עָלְמָא], m. =h. [עוֹלָם] eternity, world &c. Targ. Gen. IX,
16. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 6. Targ. Ps. LXI,
7; a. v. fr. — R. Hash. 31a [שִׁיתָּא אַלְפֵי שָׁנָה הָוֵי עָלְמָא] the world shall last six thousand years, and one thousand
years it will be waste. Gitt. 56b, v. [חֲשֵׁב]; a. v. fr. — Midr. Sam. ch.
XXIV; Yalk. ib. 139 [עָלְמָא דְּשֶׁקֶר] the
the world of falsehood (this world); Lev. R. s. 26 (some
ed. [עוֹלָם], h. form); [עוֹלָם דְּקוּשְׁטָא] the world of truth (the
hereafter). Sot. 10b, a. fr. [עָלְמָא דְּאָתֵי] the
world to come (=h. [עוֹלָם הַבָּא]).
— [בֵּית עָלְמִין] the house of eternity
(euphem. for 'the house of death') burial ground, cemetery. Lam. R. to I, 5.
Lev.
R. s. 12, beg.; a.e. — Kidd. 80b [אִינָשֵׁי דְּעָלְמָא]
common people (opp. to scholars). — [כָּל עָלְמָא], [כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא]
(abbrev. [כ"ע]), v. [כּוֹלָּא]. Ber. 36b [כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי] all the authorities mentioned agree; a. v. fr.— [בְּעַלְמָא] in a general way, merely. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVI, 24; 28.
— Sabb.
103b, v. [בִּגְלָטוֹרֵי]. Ib. 9b [לְעַיּוֹנֵי בְּעָלְמָא]
merely to sweat (not to bathe); [] merely to examine (not to do any labor); a.
v. fr. — Pl. [עָלְמִין], [עָלְמַיָּיא]; constr. [עָלְמֵי]. Targ. Ps. IX, 8. Targ. O. Ex.
XV, 18; a. fr. — Targ. Is. XLII, 11 [בָּתֵּי עַלְמֵיהוֹן] their graves (v. supra).
פַּרְגּוֹד m.
(paragauda, παραγώδης of Semitic origin; [פְּרַג] to divide, cmp. [פָּרוֹכֶת]) 1) curtain. Kell. XXIX, Maim. (R.S. tunic, v. infra).
—Esp. (cmp. [וִילוֹן]) the curtain of heaven. Ḥag. 15a [כְּבָר שָׁמַעְתִּי מֵאֲחוֹרֵי
הַפָּרְגּוֹד] I have already heard from behind the
Curtain, 'Return, ye wayward children, all except Aḥer.' Yoma 77a Ms. M.
(omitted in later editions; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3). B. Mets. 59a [שְׁלֹשָׁה אֵין הַפַּרְגּוֹד
נִנְעָל בִּפְנֵיהֶם]
there are three wrongs for which the curtain is never closed (the outcries over
them will not be unheeded). —Trnsf. the court, royal attendants. Mekh. Yithro,
Baḥod.,
s. 2 [לֹא דּוֹמוה שׁוֹמֵעַ מִפִּי פַּרְגּוֹד וְכֻ] it is not the same to hear from the lips of attendants as to
hear from the lips of the king himself; Yalk. Ex. 276. —2) a
certain garment, tunic. Gen. R. s. 84 (expl. [כְּתֹנֶת הַפַּסִּים], Gen. XXXVII, 23). Shek.III, 2,
v. [חָפַת]; a. e. —3) (cmp. [אַוְורַקְסִין]) a sort of breeches. Sabb. 120a [וּשְׁנֵי פַּרְגּוֹד] Ms. M. (ed. [פַּרְגֹּד]; Ar. [פַּרְגּוֹדִין]) two (a pair of)
breeches; (Y. ib. XVI, 15d [אַבְרִיקְין]).
פַּרְגּוֹד, פַּרְגּוֹדָא ch. same, 1) curtain. Targ. Job XXVI, 9. Targ. Y. Ex.
XXVI, 31 (h. text [פָרֹכֶת]);
a. fr.— 2) tunic. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 3; 23; v. preced.
