A Dictionary of the Targumim 2

 

A DICTIONARY

OF THE TARGUMIM, THE TALMUD BABLI

AND YERUSHALMI, AND THE MIDRASHIC

LITERATURE

COMPILED BY

MARCUS JASTROW, PH D. LITT. D.

 

VOLUME I

ל   ת

מוֹרִיגַן morigan, a word in an incantation. Sabb. 67a Ms. M. (ed. [מריגז]).

מוֹרִיפַת morifath, a word in an incantation. Sabb. 67a Ms. M. (missing in ed.).

[עָלַם] I (v. to surround, tie up. 2) to be strong.

Pi. [עִילֵּם] to tie up. Yalk. Prov. 946 quot. fr. Y'lamd. (ref. to [וְחוֹשֵׂךְ], Prov. X, 19) [לָא אָמַרְתִּי שֶׁתְּעָלֵם פִּיךָ וְכֻ] I did not say that thou must tie up thy mouth and sit in silence, but restrain thy lips from &c.; Yalk. Num. 738 [שֶׁתְּאַלֵּים]. Num. R. s. 14 (ref. to Gen. XLIX, 22) [שֶׁעִילֵּם עֵינוֹ מֵאֵשֶׁת וְכֻ] he closed his eye not to look at the wife &c. (v. [עָלַם] II, Hif.).

עֲלֵם], [עֲלֵים] ch. same, to be strong. Targ. Ps. XXXVIII, 20. Targ. Josh. I, 6; a. e. — Denom. [עִילָּם], fr. which imperat. [עִילַּם], [עִילַּמוּ]. Targ. O. Deut. XXXI, 6;7; 23 ed. Berl.  (Regia [עַלֵּים], [עַלִּימוּ], v. Berl. Targ. O. II, p. 59). Targ. I Chr. XXII, 12 (13); a. e., v. [אֲלַם].

Pa. [עַלֵּים] 1) same (denom. of [עַלִּים]), v. supra. —supra. — 2) to strengthen. Targ. Ps. XXVII, 14. Targ. Y. Ex. XIV, 27 (h. text [וַיְנַעֵר], v. Mekh. B'shall., s. 6).

Ithpa. [אִתְעֵלֵּים], Ithpe. [אִתְעֲלֵים] 1) to be strengthen. Targ. Ps. XXXI, 25. — 2) to be tied, to join, conspire. Targ. II Chr. XIII, 7 (h. text [וַיִּתְאַמְּצוּ]).

עָלַם II (b. h.; v. preced.) [to surround, tie up,] to conceal. —Yalk. Cant. 981, v. infra. —Part. pass. [עָלוּם]; f. [עֲלוּמָה]; pl. [עֲלוּמִים], [עֲלוּמִין]; [עֲלוּמוֹת]. Ab. Zar. 35b (play on [עֲלָמוֹת], Cant, I, 3) [קְרִי בֵּיהּ עֲלוּמוֹת] read it 'ălumoth (secret things).

Pi. [עִילֵּם] same. Part. pass. [מְעוּלָּם]; f. [מְעוּלֶּמֶת]; pl. [מְעוּלָּמִים], [מְעוּלָּמִין]; [מְעוּלָּמוֹת]. Midr. Till. to Ps. XLVI,1 (play on [עֲלָמוֹת], ib.) [מְעוּלָּמִין הֵן הַדְּבָרִים] the things we saw are hidden, we know not what we saw.

Nef. [נֶעְלָם], Hithpa. [הִתְעַלֵּם], Nithpa. [נִתְעַלֵּם] to be concealed, to escape; to hide one's self. Num. R. s. 20 [אֵין כָּל דָּבָר מִמְּךָ] nothing is unknown to thee. Y. Pes. VI, beg. 33a [נֶעֶלְמָה הֲלָכָה מִמֶּנּוֹ] the law escaped his memory; Bab. ib. 66a [נִתְעַלְּמָה]. Y. Yoma III, 40d bot. [לָא...מִתְעַלֵּם מֵהֶן] they did not move from there before it (the pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton) escaped their memory again. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44b top [עַד שֶׁיִתְעַלֵּם מֵעֵינֵיהֶם] until he is left out of their sight. Y. Ber. IV, 8a [וְאַל תִּתְעַלֵּם מִתְּחִינָּתֵנוּ] do not hide thyself (turn away) from our prayer; a. fr.

Hif. [הֶעֱלִים] 1) to conceal. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to [הָעַלְמָה] Ex. II, 8) [שֶׁהֶעֱלִימָה וְכֻ] she kept her own secret. Cant. R. to I, 3 (play on [עֲלָמוֹת], ib.) [עַל שֶׁהֶעֱלַמְתָּ מֵהֶם יוֹם וְכֻ] because thou hast concealed from them the day of death and the day of consolation, they love the; [עַל שֶׁהֶעֱלַמְתָּ מֵהֶם מַתַּן וְכֻ] because thou hast concealed from them the reward of the righteous &c.; Yalk. ib. 981 [שֶׁעָלַמְתָּ] (Kal); Midr. Till. to Ps. IX; a. fr. — 2) (v. [עָלַם] I) [הֶעֱלִם עֵינָיו] to close the eyes, to lose sight of. Y. Ab. Zar. IV. 8, 44a bot. Sot. 10b [וְאַל תַּעֲלִים עֵינֶיךָ מִמֶּנִּי] do not avert thy eyes from me. Tosef. Peah IV, 20; B. Bath. 10a, a. e. [הַמַּעֲלִים...מִן הַצְּדָקָה] who closes his eyes to charity; a. fr.

Hof. [הוּעֲלָם] to be concealed. Koh. R. to III, 11 (play on [הָעֹלָם] ib.) [הָעֳלַם מֵהֶם שֵׁם] the pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton was concealed from them.

עֶלֶם I m. (preced.) 1) secret. Y. Yoma III, 40d bot.; Pes. 50a, (ref. to [לְעֹלָם],Ex. II, 15) [לְעַלֵּם כְּתִיב] it is so written that you may read l'elem (this is my name for secrecy).— Pl. [עֲלָמוֹת] Midr. Till. to Ps. IX, 1 (play on [עֲלָמוֹת], ib.) [הַעֲלָמוֹת שֶׁהַבֵּן עוֹשֵׂה] on the secret sins which the child (of God) commits and which the Day of Atonement comes to atone for &c. —2) forgetfulness, v. [הֵעָלֵם].

עֶלֶם II m. (b. h.; [עָלַם]) [vigorous,] lad. lad. Yeb. 76b (ref. to I Sam. XVII, 55, sq.) [הָתָם קָרֵי לֵיהּ נַעַר הָכָא קָרֵי לֵיהּ עֶלֶם וְכֻ] there he calls him young man, and here, lad! He thus said to him, [נֶעֶלְמָה הֲלָכָה מִמֶּנּוּ] thou hast forgotten the law (v. preced.). Snh. 95a (in Chald. dict.) [עֶלֶם אַיְּיתִי לִי], v. [פִּלְכָא]. —Fem. [עַלְמָה]. Ex. R. s. 1, v. [עָלַם] II. — Pl. [עֲלָמוֹת]. Cant. R. to I, 3 [חָלִים לְפָנָיו כַּעֲלָמוֹת] they dance before him like maidens; Koh. R. to I,11. Y. Meg. II, 73b (in Chald. dict.) [כְּאִילֵין עוּלֵימְתָא], v. [עֲלִימוּת]; a. e.

עָלַם III, [עֲלַם], [עַלְ' ,עָלְמָא],  m. =h. [עוֹלָם] eternity, world &c. Targ. Gen. IX, 16. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 6. Targ. Ps. LXI, 7; a. v. fr. — R. Hash. 31a [שִׁיתָּא אַלְפֵי שָׁנָה הָוֵי עָלְמָא] the world shall last six thousand years, and one thousand years it will be waste. Gitt. 56b, v. [חֲשֵׁב]; a. v. fr. — Midr. Sam. ch. XXIV; Yalk. ib. 139 [עָלְמָא דְּשֶׁקֶר] the the world of falsehood (this world); Lev. R. s. 26 (some ed. [עוֹלָם], h. form); [עוֹלָם דְּקוּשְׁטָא] the world of truth (the hereafter). Sot. 10b, a. fr. [עָלְמָא דְּאָתֵי] the world to come (=h. [עוֹלָם הַבָּא]). — [בֵּית עָלְמִין] the house of eternity (euphem. for 'the house of death') burial ground, cemetery. Lam. R. to I, 5. Lev. R. s. 12, beg.; a.e. — Kidd. 80b [אִינָשֵׁי דְּעָלְמָא] common people (opp. to scholars). — [כָּל עָלְמָא], [כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא] (abbrev. [כ"ע]), v. [כּוֹלָּא]. Ber. 36b [כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי] all the authorities mentioned agree; a. v. fr.— [בְּעַלְמָא] in a general way, merely. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVI, 24; 28. — Sabb. 103b, v. [בִּגְלָטוֹרֵי]. Ib. 9b [לְעַיּוֹנֵי בְּעָלְמָא] merely to sweat (not to bathe); [] merely to examine (not to do any labor); a. v. fr. — Pl. [עָלְמִין], [עָלְמַיָּיא]; constr. [עָלְמֵי]. Targ. Ps. IX, 8. Targ. O. Ex. XV, 18; a. fr. — Targ. Is. XLII, 11 [בָּתֵּי עַלְמֵיהוֹן] their graves (v. supra).

פַּרְגּוֹד m. (paragauda, παραγώδης of Semitic origin; [פְּרַג] to divide, cmp. [פָּרוֹכֶת]) 1) curtain. Kell. XXIX, Maim. (R.S. tunic, v. infra). —Esp. (cmp. [וִילוֹן]) the curtain of heaven. Ḥag. 15a [כְּבָר שָׁמַעְתִּי מֵאֲחוֹרֵי הַפָּרְגּוֹד] I have already heard from behind the Curtain, 'Return, ye wayward children, all except Aḥer.' Yoma 77a Ms. M. (omitted in later editions; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3). B. Mets. 59a [שְׁלֹשָׁה אֵין הַפַּרְגּוֹד נִנְעָל בִּפְנֵיהֶם] there are three wrongs for which the curtain is never closed (the outcries over them will not be unheeded). —Trnsf. the court, royal attendants. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 [לֹא דּוֹמוה שׁוֹמֵעַ מִפִּי פַּרְגּוֹד וְכֻ] it is not the same to hear from the lips of attendants as to hear from the lips of the king himself; Yalk. Ex. 276. —2) a certain garment, tunic. Gen. R. s. 84 (expl. [כְּתֹנֶת הַפַּסִּים], Gen. XXXVII, 23). Shek.III, 2, v. [חָפַת]; a. e. —3) (cmp. [אַוְורַקְסִין]) a sort of breeches. Sabb. 120a [וּשְׁנֵי פַּרְגּוֹד] Ms. M. (ed. [פַּרְגֹּד]; Ar. [פַּרְגּוֹדִין]) two (a pair of) breeches; (Y. ib. XVI, 15d [אַבְרִיקְין]).

פַּרְגּוֹד, פַּרְגּוֹדָא ch. same, 1) curtain. Targ. Job XXVI, 9. Targ. Y. Ex. XXVI, 31 (h. text [פָרֹכֶת]); a. fr.— 2) tunic. Targ. Y. Gen. XXXVII, 3; 23; v. preced.